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// நன்றாற்ற லுள்ளுந் தவறுண்டு அவரவர் பண்பறிந் தாற்றாக் கடை (திருக்குறள்) (பொருள்: அவரவருடைய இயல்புகளை அறிந்து அவரவருக்குப் பொருந்துமாறு செய்யாவிட்டால், நன்மை செய்வதிலும் தவறு உண்டாகும். மு.வ.) //

ஞாயிறு, 29 டிசம்பர், 2013

BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE ON POET BHARATHIDASAN


1891. Born in Puducherri, April 29; named Subburathinam by his parents Kanakasabai and Lakshmi.

1892.  Early education from his tutor Tiruppulisami Aiya.

1902. Starts composing poems

1908. Studies Tamil grammar and literature under the scholars Pu. A.Periasami and Bangaru Pattar. Stands first in the state in the Teachers Training Examination. Meets the great Poet Subramania Bharathi at the wedding  of Venu Nayakkar.

1909.   Becomes a teacher in a Government school at Niravi in Karaikkal.

1910. Drawn towards the Indian Nationalist Movement because of his contact with the freedom fighters Bharathi, V.V.S.Iyer, Dr. Varadarajulu and Sri Aurobindo who were in self exile at Putucceri. Helps Bharathi to publish his journal Intiya. Actively connected with the publication of nationalist journals like Manikkodi, Tainatu, Tecopakari, and Tecacevakan.

1916.  Death of Bharathidasan’s father, January 16.

1918. Wins a case against the French Government which got him sentenced to imprisonment for 15 months on a charge of treason.

1920.  Having been inspired by Gandhiji’s message, promotes the sale of khadi by carrying bundles of the cloth on his shoulders. Marriage to Palaniamma, daughter of Paradesiar.

1921. Death of  Subramania Bharathi September 11. Birth of first daughter Saraswathi,September 15.

1926.          Composes the devotional poems entitled Sri Mayilam Cuppiramaniar Tutiyamutu.

1928.     Joins  the Self - Respect Movement of Periyar E.V. Ramasamy. Starts writing poems to propagate the rationalistic ideas of the great social reformer. Birth of the poet’s son Gopathi (Mannar Mannan) Nov. 3.

1929.   Writes poems, essays and stories in Kutiyaracu and  Pakuttarivu Puratci leading organs of rationalistic thought.

1930.  Realeases a volume of poems including “Ciruvar Cirumiyar Teciyakitam”, “Tontar Nataippattu”, “Katar Irattinappattu”, Publication of Cancivi Parvatattin Caral and Talttappattor Camattuvappattu. Becomes the chief editor of the weekly Putuvai Muracu. December 10.

1931. Writes the essay “Cevvay Ulaka Yattirai” in Putuvai Muracu, January 5. Birth of the second daughter, Vasantha.

1933.    Birth of the third daughter, Ramani. Participates in the “Conference of the Atheists” organised under the presidentship of Ma. Singara Velar and writes in the conference register that he is a confirmed atheist. Takes the credit of writing the first poem on family planning.

1934 Stages the drama ‘Iranian Allatu Inaiyrra Viran’ under the Chairmanship of Periyar E.V.Ramasamy. Writes Mavalipuraccelavu” after a boat trip to Mamallapuram with P.Jivanantam, Kuttuci Gurusamy, Kunjitam, Mayilai Seeni Venkadasamy, Mayuram Natarajan, Swami Chidambaranar and Narana Duraikkannan.

1935.   With the help of Thambusami Mudaliar. releases Sri. Suppiramaniya Bharathi Kavita Mantalam, the first journal of   verse in India. Writes the dialogue and songs for the Tamil film Ramanujar.

1937.   Puratcikkavi, a short epic, released by L.Durairaj.

1938.   Bharathidasan Kavitaikal, Vol.-1 released by the poet with financial assistance by Kuttuci Gurusamy, Kunjitam Gurusamy and Narayana Samy Naidu. Hailed by Periyar E.V.Ramasamy as the organ voice of the Self - Respect Movement.

1939.   Writes the story, dialogue and songs for the film, Kavi Kalamekam.

1941.   Publication of Etirparata Muttam.

1942.   Publication of ‘Kutumpa Vilakku’, Part-I, Icaiyamutu I.

1944.  The poet’s eldest daughter, Saraswathi’s marriage with Pulavar Kannappar in the presence of Periyar. E.V. Ramasamy. Publication of Irunta Vitu, Katal Ninaivukal, Nalla Tirppu, Alakin Cirippu, Kutumpa Vilakku, Part-11.

1945 Publication of Pantiyan Paricu, Buys the house at 95, Perumal Koil Street, Publication of Tamiliyakkam, Etu Icai.

1946. The journal called Mullai published by PL. Muthiah under the patronage of Bharathidasan. The title, “Puratcik-Kavi” conferred on the poet at a meeting presided over by Navalar Somasundara Bharathi. Honoured with a cash award of Rs. 25,000 by Arignar Anna. Retires after serving as a Tamil teacher for thirty seven years, November 8.

1947. Releases the first two issues of the monthly Kuyil.  Publication of Caumiyan (drama), Bharathidasan Atticudi, Kavingar Pecukirar (Speeches).

1948. Kuyil from Putucceri, banned by the Government. The book Iranian Allatu Inaiyarra Viran and the staging of the drama banned by the Government of  Tamil Nadu. Publication of Katala Katamiya, Mullaikkatu, Intietirppuppatalkal, Patitta Penkal (Prose Drama), Katalmerkumilikal, Kutumpa Vilakku - III, Tiravitar Tiruppatal and Akattiyan Vitta Putukkarati.

1949.  Bharathidasan Kavitaikal, Vol-II, Cera Tantavam, Tamilacciyin Katti, Errappattu.

1950.  Kutumpa Vilakku IV, Kutumba Vilakku V

1951.   Amiltu Etu? Kalaikkuttiyin Katal.

1954. Ponkal Valttukkuviyal. Presides over the meeting of Official Language Committee at Kulittalai.

1955. Wins the assembly election and becomes the Protem Speaker of Pondicherry Legislative Assembly.

1956.   Tenaruvi (Songs)

1958. Tayinmelanai, Ilainar Ilakkiyam. Becomes a distinguished member of the Tamilkappulavar Kulu. 1959 Bharathidasan Natakankal, Kurincittittu. Continues to write Picirantaiyar Natakam. Starts writing Valluvar Ullam, a commentary on Tirukkural, November-1, Publication of Kuyil weekly.

1961.Shifts his family to Madras, Plans to film his masterpiece Pantiyan Paricu, Accepts a copy of Kamil Zvelebil’s Czech translation of Bharathidasan’s poems.

1962. Resumes the publication of the monthly, Kuyil, April 15. Birth of Anaittulakakkavinar Manram. Kannaki Purutcikkappiyam, Manimekalai Venpa,  Published. Honoured by Rajaji with a shield on behalf of Tamil Eluttalar Cankam.

1963.   Panmanittiral

1964.   Dies at the General Hospital, Madras, April 21.

1965.   Bharathidasan Memorial Mandapam built by Pondicherry Municipality at the Pappamma Koil Burning ghat, April 21.

1966.    Bharathidasan’s statue unveiled at the Chennai Marina beach on the occasion of the Second World Tamil conference at Madras.

1970.  Picirantaiyar gets the Sahitya Akademi Award for the year 1969.

1971. Bharathidasan’s birthday celebrations organised by the Government of Pondicherry. The poet’s house at Perumal Koil Street, becomes national property. Bharathidasan Memorial Library and Bharathidasan Museum, housed in the same building.

1972.   The poet’s life-size statue unveiled by the Government of Pondicherry, April 29.

1978.  The decision of the Government of Tamil Nadu to celebrate Bharathidasan’’s birthday as a public function. The plan to award Paventer award every year. The award for the year announced, April 29, 30.

1979.   Publication of L’Ecume de la mer, a French translation of Katal mel Kumilikal by L.Cadelis.

1982.  Inaguration of Bharathidasan University at Tiruchirapalli, April 29, Death of Savithri, Mannar Mannan’s wife and Bharathidsan’s daughter-in-law.

1986.          Publication of Mannar Mannan’s Biography of Bharathidasan authored by Mannar Mannan under the title Kruppukkuyilin Neruppukural, published which won the first prize awarded by MGR, Chief Minister of  Tamilnadu.

1989.   Death of Palaniyamma, wife of Bharathidasan, May 21.

1990. Bharathidasan centenary  was celebrated  by the Puducherry Government on August 26 and 27-1990. The Government of Tamilnadu nationalises the writings of Bharathidasan. Inauguration of Bhrathidasan centenary celebrations. Unveiling of the statue of Bharathidasan at Bharathidasan University by Hon’ble Mu.KARUNANIDHI, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.

1991.   Bharathidasan birth centenary celebration in Malaysia in September. Publication of Candi, a French transalation of Bharathidasan’s drama Karkantu by Mme.G.David.

1992. Bharathidasan Birth Centenary celebrations in Paris in May.

1993. Publication of the French translation of Picirantaiyar by L.Cadelis.

1994. The Government of  Tamilnadu instituted endowments in the name of  Bharathidasan in nine Universities.

1997. English Translations of Bharathidasan’s poems were brought out by the Puducherry

Institute of Linguistics and Culture on 10-5-1997
2001. The Central Government has issued a postage stamp with Bharathidasan Portrait on 9-10-2001

2005. A  documentary about the Bharathidasan Memorial Museum Cum Research Centre in Tamil, English & French was released by the Puducherry Arts and Culture  Department on 11-9-2005.


Courtesy: Illustrated Guide, Department of Arts and Culture,  Government of Puducherry.

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